Potential Matches
| Place the number of the corresponding item next to the number of the correct order from lowest (1) to highest (8) pH: (Points : 8) |
| Potential Matches: |
| 1 : Stomach Acid |
| 2 : Normal Rain Water |
| 3 : Lemon Juice |
| 4 : Urine |
| 5 : Tomatoes |
| 6 : Bread |
| 7 : Hydrocloric Acid |
| 8 : Soda |
| Answer |
| : 1 (lowest) |
| : 2 |
| : 3 |
| : 4 |
| : 5 |
| : 6 |
| : 7 |
| : 8 (highest) |
|
Place the corresponding number of the title of each atom part location next to the correct letter of that location: |
| Potential Matches: |
| 1 : Electrons |
| 2 : Mass Number |
| 3 : Neutrons |
| 4 : Atomic Number |
| 5 : Atomic Symbol |
| 6 : Nucleus |
| 7 : Protons |
| Answer |
| : A |
| : B |
| : C |
| : D |
| : E |
| : F |
| : G |
| An atom has a central ____________. (Points : 1) |
energy nucleus orbit shells particles
| An atom has pathways about the nucleus called ____________. (Points : 1) |
shells particles energy nucleus orbit
| The shells of an atom are sometimes called ___________ levels. (Points : 1) |
nucleus energy particles orbit shells
| Subatomic ____________ called protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus. (Points : 1) |
orbit particles shells energy nucleus
| Electrons ____________ about the nucleus in the shells. (Points : 1) |
particles orbit nucleus shells energy
| Particles that carry either a positive (+) or negative (-) charge are termed ______________. (Points : 1) |
ionic electrons oppositely ions covalent stable
| The attraction between ____________ charged ions forms an ionic bond. (Points : 1) |
electrons ionic stable oppositely ions covalent
| Atoms with more than one shell are most stable when the outer shell contains eight ____________. (Points : 1) |
oppositely covalent electrons ionic ions stable
| Sometimes during a reaction, atoms give up or take on electrion(s) in order to achieve a ___________ outer shell. (Points : 1) |
electrons covalent stable ionic ions oppositely
| In a ___________ bond, atoms share electrons instead of losing or gaining them. (Points : 1) |
covalent ions stable oppositely ionic electrons
| Ionic bonds are created by ________________ between ions. (Points : 1) |
electrical attraction sharing of electrons
| Covalent bonds are created by __________________ between atoms. (Points : 1) |
electrical attraction sharing of electrons
| In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons instead of losing or gaining them. (Points : 1) |
True False
| In a covalent bond, protons spend part of their time in the outer shell of each atom; therefore, they are counted as belonging to both bonded atoms. (Points : 1) |
True False
| Which of the following statements are TRUE? (select all that apply) (Points : 1) |
In water, electrons spend more time circling the oxygen atom Water makes up about 40-50% of the total body weight Water is not the most abundant molecule in living organisms Water is an inorganic molecule because it does not contain hydrogen atoms Water is polar molecule with negative and positive ends
| When ions and molecules disperse in water, they move about and collide, allowing ______________ to occur. Therefore, water is a solvent that facilitates ______________ reactions. Ions and molecules that are water-soluble are said to be ______________. Non-ionized and non-polar molecules that do not interact with water are said to be ___________________. (Points : 1) |
reactions, chemical, hydrophilic, hydrophobic reactions, hydrophilic, chemical, hydrophobic reactions, chemical, hydrophobic, hydrophilic reactions, hydrophobic, chemical, hydrophilic
| Hydrophilic means “water-loving”. (Points : 1) |
True False
| Hydrophobic means “water-loving”. (Points : 1) |
True False
| Water molecules cling together because of ________________, a property called ________________. Water can also cling to other surfaces by hydrogen bonding, and this behavior is called ______________. The cohesion and adhesion characteristics of water make it an excellent ______________ medium. (Points : 1) |
hydrogen bonding, cohesion, adhesion, transport hydrogen bonding, adhesion, cohesion, transport transport, adhesion, cohesion, hydrogen bonding transport, cohesion, adhesion, hydrogen bonding
| Water flows freely and water-based solutions fill vessels, such as _____________ vessels. Blood transports ____________ and nutrients to the _________ and ____________ wastes such as carbon dioxide from the cells. (Points : 1) |
hydrogen, cells, blood, cleans blood, oxygen, cells, removes transport, hydrogen, cells, brings
| Specific ____________ is the amount of heat energy needed to change an object’s temperature by exactly 1 C. Water has the highest specific heat of almost any ____________ in nature. Water can absorb a tremendous amount of heat energy without changing its ______________ due to the ____________ bonds that link water molecules together. (Points : 1) |
heat vaporization, substance, form, oxygen heat capacity, liquid, temperature, oxygen heat capacity, substance, temperature, hydrogen
| Maintaining a fairly _________________ body temperature is possible, in part, because the body is roughly 60% water. High water content helps to ____________ the body from ______________ heat and cold in the environment. Hydrogen bonding also accounts for water’s _____________________. (Points : 1) |
constant, insulate, extreme, high heat of vaporization hydrated, insulate, constant, heat capacity constant, hydrate, constant, high heat of vaporization
| The following are considered ACIDS: (select all that apply) (Points : 1) |
HCI–> H+ + CI- substances that take up hydrogen ions substances that disccociate in water (HCI) ammonia release of hydrogen ions (H1) Milk of magnesia
| The pH scale ranges from _____ to _____. Any solution with a pH below 7 is considered _______. Even a ______ change in pH represents a _______ change in the proportional number of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in the body. (Points : 1) |
1, 14, acidic, large, small 0, 7, basic, small, large 0, 14, acidic, small, large 0, 14, basic, small, large
| The pH of our blood when we are healthy is always about ______. If the pH value drops below ________, the person is said to have ___________. If our pH rises above _________, the condition is called ________________. (Points : 1) |
7.4, 7.35, acidosis, 7.45, alkalosis 7.4, 7, acidosis, 7.45, alkalosis 7, 7.4, alkalosis, 7.35, acidosis
| Explain the pH scale by filling in the blanks on the following statements: The pH scale ranges from _______ to ______. A solution of exactly pH ______ is the pH of water. (Points : 1) |
14, 7, 0 7, 14, 0 0, 14, 7
| pH 7, the pH of ___________ is a neutral pH because water releases an ___________ number of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). (Points : 1) |
water, exact hydrogen, equal hydrogen, exact water, equal
|
| The four categories of molecules unique to cells are: __________, __________, __________, and __________. (Points : 1) |
carbon, nitrogen, proteins, and lipids carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids nucleic acids, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen hydrogen, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids
| A HYDROLYSIS REACTION consists of the following (select all that apply): (Points : 1) |
Removing an OH (hydroxyl group) and an –H (hydrogen atom) – the equivalent of a water molecule – to form a molecule Functions to break up macromolecules Decomposition of a macromolecule “splitting with water” Functions in the synthesis of macromolecules
| Which of the following are individual subunits of CARBOHYDRATES (select all that apply): (Points : 1) |
fats oils polypeptide steroids starch cellulose glycogen
| Which of the following are individual subunits of PROTEINS (select all that apply): (Points : 1) |
DNA enzymes hormones hemoglobin myosin actin RNA collagen nucleotides
| Which type of carbohydrates named below, function in cells to provide IMMEDIATE ENERGY? (select all that apply): (Points : 1) |
pasta fructose turnips galactose broccoli potatoes glucose
| A fat or an oil forms when one _____________ molecule reacts with three fatty _________ molecules. A fat is sometimes call a ______________ because of its three-part structure, or a ____________ fat because the molecule is non-polar and carries no __________. (Points : 1) |
neutral, glycerol, carbon, combine, charge glycerol, acid, triglyceride, neutral, charge carbon, acid, triglyceride, combine, water
| Fatty acids can be saturated if there are double bonds between ________ atoms, or unsaturated if there are double bonds between carbon atoms. When a fat molecule forms, three fatty acids __________ with glycerol, and three ________ molecules are produced. (Points : 1) |
neutral, combine, carbon glycerol, charge, triglyceride carbon, combine, water
| Lipids contain more energy per gram than carbohydrates (Points : 1) |
True False
| Some lipids function as short-term energy storage molecules in organisms (Points : 1) |
True False
Fat is used for short-term energy usage Fat forms a protective cushion around major organs Steroids have an entirely different structure from fats Phospholipids are the backbone of cellular membranes Fat insulates against heat gain |
|
| Which of the following statements are FALSE? (select all that apply) (Points : 1) |
enzymes are proteins myosin is a protein collagen is not a protein many hormones are proteins antibodies are not proteins keratin is not a protein
plan, up, sucrose, ribose, names directions, together, deoxyribose, ribose, names cell, in, glucose, ribose, functions |
|
| Match the number of the correct term to the letter of its location within the following sentence: The nucleotides in DNA contain the 5-carbon sugar ___A____; the nucleotides in RNA contain the sugar _____B____. There are four different types of bases in DNA: A = _____C___, T = _____D______, G = ____E_____, and C = _____F_____. In RNA, the base ______G_______ replaces the base thymine. (Points : 7) |
| Potential Matches: |
| 1 : uracil |
| 2 : adenine |
| 3 : ribose |
| 4 : thymine |
| 5 : guanine |
| 6 : cytosine |
| 7 : deoxyribose |
| Answer |
| : A |
| : B |
| : C |
| : D |
| : E |
| : F |
| : G |
| Nucleic acids contain ____________ information that determines which ____________ a cell will have. Two classes of nucleic acids are in cells: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). DNA makes up the hereditary units called ____________. Genes pass on from generation to generation the instructions for ____________ DNA, making RNA, and ____________ amino acids to form the ____________ of a cell. RNA is an intermediary in the process of protein synthesis, conveying information from DNA regarding the amino acid ____________ in proteins. (Points : 1) |
hereditary, proteins, genes, replicating, joining, proteins, sequence protein, sequence, genes, joining, insides, sequence hereditary, sequence, genes, completing, forming, proteins, replication
| Which of the following statements are TRUE? (select all that apply) (Points : 1) |
Cells require an occasional supply of ATP to carry out their functions. Adenosine triphosphate is the primary energy carrier in cells. Energy released from the breakdown of food fuels cellular reactions and warms the body at the same time.
| Which of the following statements are FALSE? (select all that apply) (Points : 1) |
In muscle cells, ATP is used for muscle contraction. Cells do not require ATP energy to synthesize macromolecules. All body cells use ATP energy to inhibit their various functions.
|
| Match the following Chapter 02 “BASIC KEY TERMS” with their correct definitions: (Points : 10) |
| Potential Matches: |
| 1 : the simplest of substances, consisting of only one type of atom |
| 2 : breaking up of fat globules into smaller droplets by the action of bile salts |
| 3 : small, negatively charged particle that revolves around the nucleus of an atom |
| 4 : any substance that ionizes and conducts electricity; electrolytes are present in the body fluids and tissues. |
| 5 : unit of heredity located on a chromosome |
| 6 : protein catalyst that speeds up a specific reaction or a specific type of reaction |
| 7 : in a covalent molecule, the atom that tend to retain electrons and thus posses a partial negative charge. |
| 8 : molecule that contains a hydrocarbon chain and ends with an acid group |
| 9 : in an organic molecule, a particular side chain attached to a larger molecule, which then gives the larger molecule its characteristic properties |
| 10 : organic molecule that the body uses for long-term energy storage |
| Answer |
| : Emulsification |
| : Electronegative |
| : Electrons |
| : Fats |
| : Functional groups |
| : Gene |
| : Elements |
| : Electrolyte |
| : Enzyme |
| : Fatty acid |
|
